在大數據時代，算法裁量作為一種新興行政裁量模式，增強了公眾對政府決策的理解和信任，提升了政府的治理效能，推動了數字政府發展。作為回應，2022年《國務院辦公廳關于進一步規范行政裁量權基準制定和管理工作的意見》強調了通過推動人工智能技術的運用和將行政裁量權基準內容嵌入行政執法信息系統，實現行政執法的全面公示和標準化管理。人工智能技術引發的行政變革趨勢持續擴大，行政裁量權規范化、標準化、數字化的重要性逐步凸顯。隨著算法裁量的普遍適用，個人信息深度卷入，處罰裁量侵蝕相對人權利，裁量依據存疑，正當程序原則被破壞等問題不斷顯現，例如，交通領域非現場處罰設備的精確性和電子證據的真實性存疑［1］，自動監控數據受到停電或者天氣干擾而出現錯誤，而將機器識別的違法行為依照處罰標準進行處罰，較大程度上限制乃至剝奪了相對人的陳述申辯、聽證等權利，這些隱憂引發了學術界對算法裁量的深入研究。
MICROCHIP VSC7424XJG-02
以太網控制器, 千兆以太網交換機, IEEE 802.3ab, IEEE 802.3af, IEEE 802.3az, 950 mV, 1.05 V, BGA, 672 引腳
VSC7424XJG-02 規格
產品屬性 屬性值 選擇屬性
制造商: Microchip
產品種類: 以太網 IC
RoHS: 詳細信息
安裝風格: SMD/SMT
封裝 / 箱體: BGA-672
產品: Ethernet Switches
標準: 100BASE-FX, 1GBASE-X
收發器數量: 8 Transceiver
數據速率: 10 Mb/s, 100 Mb/s, 1 Gb/s
接口類型: 2-Wire, JTAG, MIIM, SIO, SPI, UART
電源電壓-最小: 950 mV
電源電壓-最大: 1.05 V
最小工作溫度: 0 C
最大工作溫度: + 125 C
系列: VSC7424
封裝: Tray
商標: Microchip Technology
濕度敏感性: Yes
產品類型: Ethernet ICs
40
子類別: Communication & Networking ICs
單位重量:37 g
整體來看，既有研究從多維度分析了算法裁量的風險及其規制，為進一步完善算法裁量模式搭建了堅實的基礎，然而卻鮮有以行政過程論的視角對其實踐機理和法治保障進行討論。算法裁量過程是動態運行的階段，而非靜止、機械的裁量狀態。有鑒于此，本文將立足于“行政過程論”的研究視角，首先，從行政行為構造來探討算法裁量產生的理論原理和過程論視角下的運作樣態；其次，從算法模型的“接收-處理-輸出”過程來觀測不同階段所存在的風險性問題；最后，從過程論的視角對各個階段通過范圍限定、程序約束及權利保障進行法律控制.
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